The SNP, Scottish Labour, Scottish Liberal Democrats and Scottish Greens have already outlined their decision not to back the agreement, meaning it is unable to gain a majority unless MPs break the party line.

A debate is due to be held in Holyrood on Wednesday afternoon before the vote.

The legislative consent motion lodged at the Scottish Parliament states that the government should not consent to the "inadequate and damaging" Brexit deal with the EU.

First Minister Nicola Sturgeon said: "The Scottish Parliament, like the people of Scotland, has consistently voiced support for Scotland's membership of the EU...While recognising the UK would leave the EU, we proposed staying in the single market and customs union.

"The UK Government dismissed these ideas. It disregarded Scotland's views, values and interests. It has agreed a deal which is disastrous for Scotland.

"The UK Government's deal will impose costs on businesses, reduce the opportunities of its citizens, and sacrifice its own international influence - in order to gain powers it will struggle to use.

"The result is a deal which is harmful for the UK as a whole - but perhaps especially harmful for Scotland. It should not receive the Scottish Parliament's consent."

Scottish Labour leader Richard Leonard said: "Boris Johnson promised more than a year ago that he would 'get Brexit done', and that his deal was 'oven ready' - yet his shambolic government is racing to ratify its half-baked Brexit deal the day before the end of the transition period.

"It is our duty to stand up for Scotland in Parliament tomorrow".

Scottish Greens co-leader Patrick Harvie said: "The Scottish Greens refuse to accept this false choice between a calamitous no-deal and the Prime Minister's version, which still drags Scotland out of Europe, losing vital rights and protections as well as the ability for our students to study abroad as part of the Erasmus plus scheme.

"We will reject this deal because we still believe there is a better option for Scotland, the UK and for Europe, where we can shape our own future."

In Westminster, Boris Johnson's trade deal with the European Union has won the backing of the Brexiteer backbenchers, who have said the agreement "preserves the UK's sovereignty".

Scottish Secretary Alister Jack said: "The deal the UK Government has secured with the EU is great news for Scotland.

"It is the first zero tariffs, zero quotas deal the EU has ever agreed and is good news for Scottish fisheries, taking us out of the Common Fisheries Policy and restoring our status as an independent coastal state.

"This is a historic moment for all Scottish MPs, and their constituents will expect them to do the right thing." he said.

Australian Associated Press